Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

CPR is a skills or technique used to compress the heart externally and breath to temporarily circulate oxygenated blood through the body of a person whose heart has stopped. CPR is early access in emergency situation, this is one of emergency medical services (EMS) action before ambulance or medical team arrive and defibrillator becomes available.

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR) Time Line :
- 0 - 4 minutes brain damage unlikely
- 4 - 6 minutes brain damage posssible
- 6 - 10 minutes brain damage probable
- over 10 minutes probable brain death.

CPR may be do not save the victim even you already performed properly, but if CPR started within 4 minutes of cardiac arrest & defibrillator available within 10 minutes we make a victim 40 % chance of survival. Clinical situation to perform CPR on victim with cardiac arrest cases we knew as clinical biological ( time 0-4-6) may we can safe the life, but up to 6 minutes may be we can but it may comes complication to the victim.

To learn about CPR you need to remember the A-B-C system. A (airway), B (breathing), C (Circulation). The most important step before doing CPR is call for help 9-1-1 (medical emergency staff or ambulance), this is depend on your country.

If you are alone with a victim, try to call for help as prior to perform CPR on adult and after a minute on a child. If there is someone with you, let him dial 911 immediatelly. Remember! don't leave the victim alone, don't try make the victim water, don't throw water on victim's face and don't prompt the victim into a sitting position.

CPR on Adult :

Cardio Pulmonary Resuscitation (CPR)

Check responsiveness, gently shake the victim by ask him "are you OK?" but if you think the victim suspect of spinal or neck injury, do not move or shake him.

Airway. Suppose the victim is unconsious and unresponsive make sure that his airway clear from any obstructions.

Breathing. Look, listen and feel to check whether the victim breathing or no. If no breathing, give him two full breaths and allow his lungs chance to relax between each breath

Circulation. Check on his carotid artery to determine his heart beating or no, suppose no pulse you will have perform chest compressions.

Chest Compressions, after 2 breaths giving no sign of normal breathing start chest compressions 30 times (3 compressions every 2 second). Do this cycles four times (30 compressions and 2 breaths)then observe the victim for pulse and sign of consiousness. If still there is no pulse, continue performing CPR action and checking his pulse every 4 cycles until EMS team arrives.